High areal capacitance of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>‐decorated carbon nanotubes for supercapacitor electrodes
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A conceptually new approach has been developed for the fabrication of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 )‐decorated carbon nanotubes (M‐CNTs) for negative electrodes of electrochemical supercapacitors. M‐CNTs were prepared by an ultrasonic‐assisted chemical synthesis method, which involved dispersion of functionalized CNTs in water, Fe 3 O 4 formation on the CNTs surface, and particle extraction through liquid‐liquid interface (PELLI). Palmitic acid was found to be an efficient new extractor for PELLI. The slurries produced after drying and redispersing M‐CNTs and slurries obtained using PELLI were used for electrode fabrication. The electrodes prepared using PELLI showed superior performance due to reduced particle agglomeration. Testing results provided an insight into the influence of Fe 3 O 4 /CNTs mass ratio on the capacitance and capacitance retention at high charge‐discharge rates. A capacitance of 5.82 F cm −2 (145.4 F g −1 ) was achieved in Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte using electrodes with high active mass of 40 mg cm −2 and ratio of active mass to current collector mass of 0.6. Good electrochemical performance was achieved at low impedance. The capacitance of the negative M‐CNTs electrodes was comparable with capacitance of advanced positive MnO 2 ‐CNTs electrodes, which was beneficial for the fabrication of asymmetric devices. The asymmetric device has been fabricated, which showed promising performance in a voltage window of 1.6 V.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it