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Record W2979853567 · doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0726

Rectangular branch‐based load flow

2019· article· en· W2979853567 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueIET Generation Transmission & Distribution · 2019
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicOptimal Power Flow Distribution
Canadian institutionsToronto Metropolitan University
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
KeywordsFlow (mathematics)Computer scienceMechanicsPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Power of constant impedance load is proportional to the square of bus voltage magnitude (SBVM). A solution space for a set of power balance equations (PBEs), constructed using SBVMs, has lower‐order terms and less non‐linearity. Such solution space yields faster solution. This work proposes a set of rectangular PBEs which uses SBVMs in conjunction with bus phase angles to relate branches power flow, a pair of real and reactive power equations for each branch for sending/receiving ends. Using an incidence matrix, branches power flows are related to bus powers with two set of equations for real and reactive powers. Another set of equations to relate rectangular form of voltages at generators to their voltage magnitudes, the total number of equations equals four times branches number, and two times buses number, less the two for unknown powers of slack bus. While the equations number is more than the node‐based PBEs, order of Jacobian's terms is significantly lower. Testing the proposed algorithm on numerous case studies, up to a 9241‐bus real system, showing the algorithm is precise, has superior convergence features, scales well for real systems and is up to thrice as fast as the rectangular node‐based load flow for some cases.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.784
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.201
Teacher spread0.193 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it