Electrolyte Driven Highly Selective CO<sub>2</sub> Electroreduction at Low Overpotentials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising technology to use renewable electricity to convert CO2 into value-added carbon-based products. The low-cost, active, selective, and stable catalysts will play a key role in achieving industrialized CO2RR. The electrolyte assists a catalyst in achieving all its latent capability. Here the concentration effect of KHCO3 in CO2RR was systematically investigated on the low-cost core–shell structured Cu2O@SnOx nanoparticle-derived hybrid catalyst. An HCO3–-involved proton-coupled electron transfer was confirmed as the rate-determining step for CO2RR on the hybrid catalyst in aqueous KHCO3 solution based on the analysis of the reaction order and Tafel slope. The nearly 100% selectivity for CO was achieved in a highly concentrated KHCO3 solution accompanied by a high cathodic energetic efficiency of 71.8%. It was attributed to the combined concentration effect of KHCO3 with the related pH effect.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".