Cross-Configuration Substrate Integrated Waveguide Beamforming Network for 1D and 2D Beam Patterns
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the simulated and measured results of a dual-layer substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) beamforming network utilizing an 8 × 8 cross-configuration Butler matrix over a frequency range of 28.5 to 31.5 GHz. By arranging the input ports on the bottom SIW layer and employing dual-layer passband filters as a detachment point, the top SIW layer can be interchanged with the purpose of exploring one-dimensional and two-dimensional broadside beam patterns. Although Butler matrices are not typically utilized for beamforming in this configuration, two examples of interchangeable top layer arrays are demonstrated; the first being a 2 × 8 slot antenna array for 1-D scanning, and the second being a 2 × 4 center-slot array for 2-D scanning. Each of the beamforming network's simulated and measured 10 dB bandwidth is demonstrated over a range of 28.5 to 31.5 GHz. Additional design details and dimensions are specified for the aforementioned passband filter transitions, as well as for each of the slot antenna arrays.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".