Adsorption and Co-precipitation of Metoprolol with Struvite Recovered from Synthetic Source Separated Black Wastewater
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Due to the residues of metoprolol (MET) in black wastewater, recovering phosphate as struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 · 6H 2 O) from black wastewater may pose threats to the utilization of struvite in the agricultural planting and human health. In this study, the adsorption and co-precipitation experiments of MET in the formation of struvite from synthetic black wastewater will be performed and some factors like initial MET concentration, pH values, temperatures were investigated. Results revealed that the adsorption process can be divided into rapid adsorption, fluctuation stage and steady stage, and the maximum MET adsorption quantity was 0.05029mg/g under 80ppb, 20 °C. Chemical adsorption and pseudo second-order kinetics were evident at the low concentration level. Neither Langmuir nor Freundlich isotherms fitted for the adsorption. The presence of Mg[H 2 O] 6 2+ (Hexahydrate and magnesium ions) interfered with MET adsorption through recombining with MET, which was also determined by pH variation. The existence of MET in black wastewater would not obstruct the formation of struvite in alkaline condition generally and serious terrible influences would not be generated when using struvite as fertilizer. A vast majority of MET will stay in the solution after 3 hours’ reaction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".