Annotated bibliography of references relevant to volcanic hazards in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This annotated bibliography of references about Canadian volcanoes was compiled as an accompaniment to the Preliminary Volcanic Ash Fall Susceptibility Map of Canada (Open File 7679, Kelman, 2015). It is prefaced with an introduction to volcanic hazards, volcanism in Canada, hazards from volcanoes outside Canada's borders that could impact Canadian territory, and a brief discussion about volcano monitoring as it applies to Canada. The bibliography is a list of references about Pleistocene and Holocene volcanoes in Canada, organized by volcanic region. Each entry consists of a bibliographic reference plus either an abstract, brief summary, or introduction. The bibliography lists published papers, books, monographs, theses, and manuscript reports. Conference abstracts are in most cases only included when their information is unavailable elsewhere. Maps are only included if they depict volcanic hazards or contain significant information not available in other publications. Reports not accessible to the general public (e.g. internal reports from within Natural Resources Canada) and nontechnical brochures are not included. References about volcanic ash layers in Canada are only included if they are for Holocene events and contain specific information about the style, timing, or magnitude of eruption of a Canadian volcano, or chemical information about its tephra that is useful in identifying it. References about ash layers in Canada that originated from American eruptions are not included, with the exception of some references about the two White River ash deposits, which are included because their source is so close to the Canadian border and because most ash deposition occurred within Canada. Some references about landslides or debris flows not directly associated with eruptions are included because the fracturing and hydrothermal alteration of rock that contribute to slope failures are related to volcanic activity, and because similar mass movements could also occur during eruptions. References from before 1950 are non-comprehensive because many of them are difficult to obtain; however, some pre-1950 references that contain important information not available in later publications are included.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.046 | 0.125 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.179 | 0.063 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".