Estradiol in carotid bodies impairs the ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in Epo overexpressing female mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Erythropoietin (Epo) impacts the ventilatory response to acute hypoxia in a sex‐dependent manner, with female mice having better capability to cope with reduced oxygenation. Here we hypothesized that ventilatory acclimatization to chronic hypoxia (VAH) in transgenic female mice showing high levels of Epo in brain and blood (Tg6) will be improved compared to WT animals. The data obtained by plethysmography showed the opposite: VAH was blunted in Tg6 female mice. To define whether this phenomenon had central and/or peripheral origin, a bilateral chemodenervation was performed. This procedure allowed testing the central response in absence of carotid body information. Interestingly, chemodenervated Tg6 and WT female mice had similar VAH, thus suggesting that carotid bodies were responsible for the blunted response. Accordingly, the sensitivity to oxygen alteration in arterial blood (Dejour test) was impaired in Tg6 carotid bodies. As blunted VAH occurred in female but not male Tg6 mice, the involvement of female steroids was suspected. Indeed, estradiol serum level was 4‐folds higher in Tg6 mice compared to WT animals. In addition, ovarectomy decreased VAH in WT animals, but restored VAH in Tg6 female mice, while estradiol treatment in ovarectomiced Tg6 females suppressed VAH. We concluded that under chronic hypoxia, estradiol in carotid bodies blunts the VAH of Tg6 female mice overexpressing Epo.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".