Risk Factors and Outcomes of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes in a Cohort of 6968 Pregnant Women Prospectively Recruited
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We revisited risk factors and outcomes related to the preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). A total of 7866 pregnant women were recruited during 5 years at their first prenatal visit to the perinatal clinic of the institution. We compared three groups (women without prematurity, women with spontaneous preterm labor with intact membranes (sPL with IM), women with PPROM) regarding 60 criteria about characteristics, lifestyle, medical, gynecological, obstetrical history of mothers, medication during pregnancy, events at delivery, and complications in neonates. Logistic regression analyses adjusting for potential confounding factors were used. Of the 6968 women selected, 189 (2.8%) presented a PPROM, and 225 (3.2%) an sPL with IM. The specific risk factors for PPROM were body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 2.00 (1.09–3.67)), history of PPROM (aOR: 2.75 (1.19–6.36)), nulliparity (aOR: 2.52 (1.77–3.60)), gestational diabetes (aOR: 1.87 (1.16–2.99)), and low level of education (aOR: 2.39 (1.20–4.78)). The complications associated with PPROM were abruption placentae, cesarean, APGAR 5′ <4, birth weight <2500 g, stillbirth, neonatal jaundice, and hospitalization of mother and neonates. All these complications were also associated with sPL with IM. Our study confirms some of the risk factors of PPROM and highlights a new one: gestational diabetes. Outcomes of PPROM are related to prematurity.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it