Bibliographic record
Abstract
Crude oil and other petroleum products contain the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Benzo[a]Pyrene (BaP). This toxin affects the metabolism, physiology, and morphology of numerous species. However, the impact of BaP exposure on behaviour in aquatic organisms remains largely unexplored. Some studies suggest exposure may lead to increased boldness or aggression in marine fish. Shoal cohesion in zebrafish has been well explored and pharmacologically validated as a method of measuring boldness and anxiety-like behaviours, with increased boldness presenting as a more spread out shoal, with a greater inter-individual distance. To further explore the impact of BaP on behaviour in a freshwater species, we exposed shoals of 5 zebrafish (Danio rerio) to doses of 2.5, 25, and 250 µM of BaP and examined shoaling behaviour. Acute exposure (30 minutes) to BaP (250 µM) reduced shoal tightness, increasing the inter-individual distance. This suggests an increase in boldness due to acute BaP exposure, and an impact of BaP on social behaviour in zebrafish. This study confirms that acute exposure to BaP may directly impact behaviour, with the candidate mechanism to be explored in further studies. Faculty Mentor: Trevor Hamilton Department: Psychology
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".