Comparing rates of recrystallisation and the potential for preservation of biomolecules from the distribution of trace elements in fossil bones
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Preservation of intact macromolecules and geochemical signals in fossil bones is mainly controlled by the extent of post-mortem interaction between bones and sediment pore waters. Trace elements such as lanthanum are added to bone post-mortem from pore waters, and where uptake occurs via a simple process of diffusion and adsorption, the elemental distribution can be used to assess the relative extent of bone-pore water interaction and rate of recrystallisation. Distribution profiles can be parameterised effectively using simple exponential equations, and the extent of bone–water interaction compared within and between sites. In this study, the distribution of lanthanum within bone was determined by laser ablation ICP–MS in 60 archaeological and fossil bones from Pleistocene and Cretaceous sites. The rates of recrystallisation and potential for preservation of intact biogeochemical signals vary significantly within and between sites. Elemental profiles within fossil bones hold promise as a screening technique to prospect for intact biomolecules and as a taphonomic tool. La conservation de macromolécules intactes ou de signaux d’éléments ou de leurs isotopes dans l’os fossile est contrôlée par l’étendue des interactions postmortem entre l’os et l’eau interstitielle dans la roche les contenant. Des éléments traces, comme le lanthane (La), sont ajoutés à l’os postmortem depuis les eaux interstitielles, et quand leur capture par l’os suit un simple processus de diffusion et d’adsorption, on peut utiliser la distribution de ces éléments pour évaluer l’importance des interactions entre l’os et l’eau interstitielle, relativement au taux de recristallisation. Des profils de répartition peuvent être effectivement paramétrés en utilisant de simples équations exponentielles et permettent de comparer l’importance des interactions os/eaux interstitielles dans un même site et entre sites. La répartition du lanthane dans l’os a été déterminée par ablation laser ICPM–MS dans 60 sites archéologiques et fossilifères, du Pléistocène et du Crétacé. Les taux de recristallisation et le potentiel pour la conservation de signaux biogéochimiques intacts varient de façon significative entre sites et au sein d’un même site. Les profils élémentaires dans l’os fossile sont prometteurs en tant que technique d’échantillonnage pour évaluer la présence possible de biomolécules intactes et comme outil en taphonomie.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".