Modeling and implementation of tandem polymer solar cells using wide‐bandgap front cells
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Tandem device architectures offer a route to greatly increase the maximum possible power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of polymer solar cells, however, the complexity of tandem cell device fabrication (such as selecting bandgaps of the front and back cells, current matching, thickness, and recombination layer optimization) often result in lower PCEs than are observed in single‐junction devices. In this study, we analyze the influence of front cell and back cell bandgaps and use transfer matrix modeling to rationally design and optimize effective tandem solar cell structures before actual device fabrication. Our approach allows us to estimate tandem device parameters based on known absorption coefficients and open‐circuit voltages of different active layer materials and design devices without wasting valuable time and materials. Using this approach, we have investigated a series of wide bandgap, high voltage photovoltaic polymers as front cells in tandem devices with PTB7‐Th as a back cell. In this way, we have been able to demonstrate tandem devices with PCE of up to 12.8% with minimal consumption of valuable photoactive materials in tandem device optimization. This value represents one of the highest PCE values to date for fullerene‐based tandem solar cells.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it