Glutamate Genetics in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is common and debilitating with patients exhibiting persistent intrusive thoughts (obsessions), repetitive ritualistic behaviours (compulsions) and anxiety. While it is known that OCD is highly heritable, the specific genetic risk factors for OCD are still largely unknown. The etiology of OCD has also not been fully elucidated but there is growing evidence that glutamate signaling dysfunction in the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuitry plays a role in its pathogenesis. METHODS: We conducted a focused review of recent literature on the role of glutamate genes in OCD. RESULTS: There have been several recent discoveries in the SAPAP (DLGAP) family, SLC1A1, and GRIN/GRIK families of proteins related to OCD. CONCLUSION: There is growing evidence supporting a role for genetic variation leading to dysfunctional glutamate signaling in OCD. Based on this new evidence we hypothesize that sustained glutamatergic neurotransmission in key areas of the brain may be contributing to the etiology of OCD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".