Antenna Array Gain and Capacity Improvements of Ultra-Wideband Millimeter Wave Systems Using a Novel Analog Architecture Design
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this letter, we address the issue of beam-squinting encountered in ultra-wideband millimeter wave mobile communication systems. First, the beam-squinting effects on the antenna array gain and the usable bandwidth of these systems are analyzed. The obtained results show that, in ultra-wideband communication systems, beam-squinting causes loss in array gain and limits the achievable capacity. To mitigate these effects, a new analog architecture design, that improves the array gain and the achievable capacity, is proposed. The proposed architecture is most suitable for delay-sensitive or computational power constrained applications and does not require the computation of any compensation matrix in the digital domain. In addition, the exact expression for the array gain of the proposed analog architecture is derived. To further simplify the evaluation of the system performance, an approximated closed-form expression for the array gain is derived. Furthermore, to evaluate the performance of the proposed design, rigorous numerical results concerning different system parameters are provided in this letter.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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