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Serious Games and ML for Detecting MCI

2019· article· en· W2987157101 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicCognitive Functions and Memory
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Manitoba
Fundersnot available
KeywordsComputer scienceFalse positive paradoxReinforcement learningCognitive impairmentCognitionPopulationCognitive trainingProcess (computing)Serious gameArtificial intelligenceMachine learningPsychologyMultimediaMedicineNeuroscience

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Our work has focused on detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) by developing Serious Games (SG) on mobile devices, distinct from games marketed as `brain training' which claim to maintain mental acuity. One game, WarCAT, captures players' moves during the game to infer processes of strategy recognition, learning, and memory. The purpose of our game is to use the generated game-play data combined with machine learning (ML) to help detect MCI. MCI is difficult to detect for several reasons. Firstly, it is a mild impairment and as such difficult to detect in its early stages, Secondly, it is a subtle impairment for which the brain attempts compensation; as a consequence, it is considered rare in light of normal cognitive decline and the brain's ability to mask its manifestation. The problem of early MCI detection is further compounded as people have various cognitive acumen which again can lead to false positives which would exacerbate the rare diagnosis still further. To evaluate the conjecture, ML methods are used to generate synthetic data to plausibly emulate a large population of players. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is used to train bots as RL most closely emulates the way humans learn. Considerable trial and error (training) is required, therefore RL bots were developed that process millions of gameplay training patterns and achieve results comparable to the best human performance. This baseline allows us to create bots to emulate individuals at various stages of learning, or conversely, various levels of cognitive decline. The paper demonstrates the ML work to both generate data and subsequently classify different levels of play. This development stage is necessary as part of the larger objective to create SGs that detect MCI.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.963
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.019
GPT teacher head0.305
Teacher spread0.286 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Quick stats

Citations8
Published2019
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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