Novel R3M (M = Si, Ge) substituted furan and thiophene-derived aldimines: Synthesis, electrochemistry, and biological activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
New furan and thiophene derivatives of aldimines o -HO-C 6 H 4 N CHC 4 H 4 X(R) (X = O, S; R = H, SiMe 3 , SiEt 3 , GeMe 3 , GeEt 3 ) were synthesized by condensation of o -aminophenol with the substituted aldehyde precursor. Their structure, electrochemical reduction/oxidation (in CH 3 CN/0.1 M Bu 4 NPF 6 ), frontier orbital energies, and cytotoxicity have been studied. Their electrochemical redox potentials E p show good correlation with the corresponding orbital energies and the difference E p ox – E p red corresponds well to their orbital hardness. These new compounds have a pronounced cytotoxicity toward cancer cells of human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 and mouse hepatoma MG-22A (IC 50 ≅ 1–8 μg ml −1 ) that can be modulated by introducing a Me 3 M substituent into the fifth position of the heterocycle (e.g., IC 50 (Me 3 Si)/IC 50 (H) ≥ 50). R 3 M-substitution reduces the orbital hardness of the aldimines studied and facilitates oxidation, promoting their oxidative metabolism. The neighboring group effect in the α-Me 3 Si-substituted thiophene derivative favors S-oxidation, which supposedly makes its metabolic mechanism different compared to R 3 M-substituted furan series (or for M = Ge in the thiophene series). Interestingly, SiMe 3 and GeMe 3 groups in both heterocyclic series (furan and thiophene) cause opposite trends in cytotoxicity, while the silyl group increases it, the germyl group decreases it.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".