Novel R3M (M = Si, Ge) substituted furan and thiophene-derived aldimines: Synthesis, electrochemistry, and biological activity
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
New furan and thiophene derivatives of aldimines o -HO-C 6 H 4 N CHC 4 H 4 X(R) (X = O, S; R = H, SiMe 3 , SiEt 3 , GeMe 3 , GeEt 3 ) were synthesized by condensation of o -aminophenol with the substituted aldehyde precursor. Their structure, electrochemical reduction/oxidation (in CH 3 CN/0.1 M Bu 4 NPF 6 ), frontier orbital energies, and cytotoxicity have been studied. Their electrochemical redox potentials E p show good correlation with the corresponding orbital energies and the difference E p ox – E p red corresponds well to their orbital hardness. These new compounds have a pronounced cytotoxicity toward cancer cells of human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 and mouse hepatoma MG-22A (IC 50 ≅ 1–8 μg ml −1 ) that can be modulated by introducing a Me 3 M substituent into the fifth position of the heterocycle (e.g., IC 50 (Me 3 Si)/IC 50 (H) ≥ 50). R 3 M-substitution reduces the orbital hardness of the aldimines studied and facilitates oxidation, promoting their oxidative metabolism. The neighboring group effect in the α-Me 3 Si-substituted thiophene derivative favors S-oxidation, which supposedly makes its metabolic mechanism different compared to R 3 M-substituted furan series (or for M = Ge in the thiophene series). Interestingly, SiMe 3 and GeMe 3 groups in both heterocyclic series (furan and thiophene) cause opposite trends in cytotoxicity, while the silyl group increases it, the germyl group decreases it.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it