The 72nd <i>Firman</i> of the Yezidis: A “Hidden Genocide” during World War I?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper discusses long “hidden” genocidal processes that took place in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. In addition to the Armenians, demographically smaller groups of Christian denominations as well as non-Christian groups such as the Yezidi were targeted by the politics of annihilation. It is nearly impossible to know the number of the victims; about 12,000 Yezidis managed to find refuge in Armenia, where they established a diasporic community in the Soviet realm. Only in the last decade have questions of acknowledgment been brought up; since there are almost no archival sources to prove the persecutions, much of the recollection of these events are stories still upheld in family narratives. Despite politics of silencing during the Soviet era, memories of genocidal persecution were passed down from one generation to the next. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the Yezidi community in Armenia to collect such family narratives, this article examines the organized character of the persecution of the Yezidis as it occurred a century ago. In these persecutions, the role and position of “the Kurds” is ambiguous, with the Yezidis’ own interpretations intermingling with current discourses ranging between affiliation to and separation from the Kurdish ethnicity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".