Les groupes djihadistes au Mali, entre violence, recherche de légitimité et politiques locales
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Particulièrement ciblés par les opérations franco-maliennes depuis 2013, les groupes djihadistes qui opèrent dans le cadre du conflit malien ont su faire preuve de résilience. Cet article discute de leur ancrage social, des liens qu’ils ont tissés avec différentes communautés et de leur influence au niveau local. Se définissant sur les territoires qu’ils contrôlent comme des arbitres et des pourvoyeurs de sécurité et biens que l’État malien défaillant ou absent ne peut produire, les groupes djihadistes s’imposent comme des acteurs de la gouvernance locale. S’ils continuent à utiliser une violence de coercition pour contraindre les populations locales, ils instrumentalisent avant tout les tensions inter-et intra-communautaires pour diffuser des modèles alternatifs de gouvernance. Ce faisant, ces groupes contribuent à accentuer la crise de légitimité dont souffre l’État malien sur des pans entiers de son territoire.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".