A Narrative and Meta‑Analytic Study of in vivo Efficiency of the Bioactive Compounds of Propolis in Tooth Decay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Propolis is one of the major components produced by honeybee. It is well known in different parts of the world such as Iran, Canada, Yemen, Czech Republic, Ethiopia, Bulgaria, Portugal, India, Turkey, Malaysia, the United States of America, Chile, Brazil, and Indonesia. The bioactive constituent of every type of propolis varies depending on the geographical location. Terpenoids, flavonoids, and polyphenol compounds were found to be common in all kinds of propolis. It possess numerous applications such as control of dental infections, plaque cleaning, treating gingivitis, exhibiting antimicrobial effect and treating radiation‑induced oral mucositis and cariogenic infections in caries‑active patients. Methodology: This study thus aimed to undertake a meta‑analysis of the efficacy of bioactive compounds of propolis in tooth decay. A total of three in vivo studies were systematically reviewed, and two studies with a total of 300 pathogen‑free female Wistar rats were included in the final meta‑analysis. Results: The results were compared among three subcategories of smooth surface caries and sulcal caries (slight, moderate, and severe), supporting a statistically significant (P = 0.006) beneficial effect of using fractional propolis. Conclusion: Most of the included studies were preliminary, without blind study and lack of information about standard animal housing protocol. More in vivo and clinical trials of bioactive compounds of propolis should be encouraged in future.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".