Shame on you, or shame on me? : An examination of body-related self-conscious emotions across the lifespan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Body-related self-conscious emotions include guilt, shame, and pride (authentic and hubristic) and are experienced in relation to a person's body. Body-related guilt and shame are associated with negative health-related outcomes including disordered eating and depression, whereas authentic pride is associated with positive outcomes such as increased self-esteem. Previous studies suggest that body-related self-conscious emotions vary across gender, age and weight-status; however, most research has focused on young adult populations. In one study that examined a larger age range, only those up to age 65 were included. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine body-related shame, guilt, and pride across age, gender, and BMI in a sample of men and women throughout the lifespan. Participants (N = 298) aged 18-85 completed questionnaires to assess body-related self-conscious emotions and physical activity, and self-reported demographic characteristics including height, weight, and age. The overall MANCOVA was significant (F (4, 278) = 635.16, p < .05) and univariate and post-hoc analyses revealed significant main effects for age, gender, and BMI when controlling for physical activity (all p's < .05), indicating that older and middle-aged adults reported higher shame and guilt than young adults, females reported higher shame and guilt than males, and obese and overweight individuals reported higher shame and guilt than individuals classified as normal-weight. Findings from the present study suggest that body-related self-conscious emotions, specifically shame and guilt, fluctuate across gender, age and weight-status; giving insight to populations who may benefit from future studies aimed at decreasing negative outcomes related to body image.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".