Bibliographic record
Abstract
On September 30th of 2005 the Jyllands-Posten, a Danish newspaper, published twelve cartoons of the Muslim prophet Muhammad. Islamic law forbids all depictions of Muhammad because they are idolatrous, and the fact that these cartoons were perceived as disrespectful intensified the offence. Many Danish Muslims felt that these illustrations were inappropriate, even discriminatory; people staged protests and demanded apologies, and Muslim organizations condemned the Jyllands-Posten. Regardless, the cartoons – and other, even more insulting ones – quickly spread. Newspapers in dozens of countries reprinted the offending cartoons, and the speed of internet communications meant that the illustrations were available for viewing by anyone. As more and more countries became involved, protests escalated to riots and people on both sides of the controversy were killed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.024 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.015 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.051 | 0.017 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".