Efficacy and safety of honeybee and wasp tyrosine-adsorbed venom immunotherapy
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
IntroductionIt is acknowledged that any claim of efficacy of allergen immunotherapy must be done for each specific product, and this remains true also for venom immunotherapy (VIT). Thus, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a specific tyrosine-adsorbed VIT for vespula spp. and honeybee in real-life.MethodsConsecutive patients diagnosed with hymenoptera allergy, and receiving VIT for either vespula or honeybee with a tyrosine-adsorbed preparation were observed to evaluate the grade of reaction (according to Muller) at the first field re-sting. A modified ultra-rush protocol was used.ResultsA total of 247 patients (73 female) were observed (102 honeybee, group H, 145 vespula, group V). Seventy-five patients in group H had a re-sting, and 74/75 had a lower grade reaction at re-sting as compared to the pre-VIT reaction. Considering systemic reactions, protection was achieved in 89% of patients. In group V 118 patients were re-stung, and 76/118 patients with previous grade III-IV reaction had no more systemic reaction under VIT. Overall, considering systemic reactions, protection was achieved in 92% of subjects. Of note, in both groups there was a clear inverse correlation between the severity of pre-VIT and during VIT reactions. The duration of VIT at the time of re-sting did not affect the efficacy. The safety was overall good, with 18% ad 15.4% local reactions in groups H and V, respectively.DiscussionModified extracts, including tyrosine-absorbed, have the aim of improving the safety of VIT still yet maintaining the efficacy. Field re-sting is the best way to assess the efficacy in real life. In this observational study we could confirm the protective efficacy of the tyrosine-adsorbed extract, with a good safety expecially in the build-up using a modified-rush protocol.ConclusionThe tyrosine-adsorbed VIT used herein is a viable and advantageous form of treatment for hymenoptera allergy.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it