Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of charged-particle production in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Xe</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>Xe</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> collisions at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:msub><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>5.44</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper describes the measurements of flow harmonics ${v}_{2}$--${v}_{6}$ in $3\ensuremath{\mu}{\mathrm{b}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $\mathrm{Xe}+\mathrm{Xe}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=5.44$ TeV performed using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Measurements of the centrality, multiplicity, and ${p}_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependence of the ${v}_{n}$ obtained using two-particle correlations and the scalar product technique are presented. The measurements are also performed using a template-fit procedure, which was developed to remove nonflow correlations in small collision systems. This nonflow removal is shown to have a significant influence on the measured ${v}_{n}$ at high ${p}_{\mathrm{T}}$, especially in peripheral events. Comparisons of the measured ${v}_{n}$ with measurements in $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions and $p+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV are also presented. The ${v}_{n}$ values in $\mathrm{Xe}+\mathrm{Xe}$ collisions are observed to be larger than those in $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions for $n=2$, 3, and 4 in the most central events. However, with decreasing centrality or increasing harmonic order $n$, the ${v}_{n}$ values in $\mathrm{Xe}+\mathrm{Xe}$ collisions become smaller than those in $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions. The ${v}_{n}$ in $\mathrm{Xe}+\mathrm{Xe}$ and $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions are also compared as a function of the mean number of participating nucleons, $\ensuremath{\langle}{N}_{\mathrm{part}}\ensuremath{\rangle}$, and the measured charged-particle multiplicity in the detector. The ${v}_{3}$ values in $\mathrm{Xe}+\mathrm{Xe}$ and $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions are observed to be similar at the same $\ensuremath{\langle}{N}_{\mathrm{part}}\ensuremath{\rangle}$ or multiplicity, but the other harmonics are significantly different. The ratios of the measured ${v}_{n}$ in $\mathrm{Xe}+\mathrm{Xe}$ and $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions, as a function of centrality, are also compared to theoretical calculations.

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