The IVAIRE Study: Inter- and Intra-Seasonal Variations in VOC's Measured in Canadian Homes with Asthmatic Children during a Intervention Field Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A randomized intervention study was done to measure the impact of improved ventilation on indoor air quality (IAQ) and the respiratory health of asthmatic children in Québec City. The intervention involved the installation of a Heat or Energy Recovery Ventilator while a comprehensive suite of environmental parameters were used to characterize the IAQ. The IAQ measurements were taken during three separate periods both before and after the intervention. The winter measurements, used to correlate ventilation rates with IAQ and respiratory health, were taken twice to account for intra-seasonal variations in IAQ while the single summer measurement was taken to determine the inter-seasonal variations. A cohort of 111 asthmatic children were enrolled for the pre-intervention phase of which 83 were selected to participate in the subsequent intervention phase because their homes were found to be under-ventilated (air exchange rate <0.30 h-1). The children were then randomized into an intervention (n=43) and control (n=40) group for the second year (post-intervention phase) of the study. This paper presents the variations in the VOC’s measured within the same season, between seasons (winter, summer), along with the year-over-year variations within the same season. A statistically significant seasonal variability was observed for relative humidity, NO2, VOC’s and aldehydes. The aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons were most elevated in winter, up to 2x higher, and were the most strongly impacted by the ventilation intervention. The aldehydes, oxygenated VOC’s, and NO2, all had higher summertime concentrations despite the median air exchange rate being almost twice as high during summer. A possible explanation could be that the increased temperature and humidity encountered in summer would promote the release of aldehydes from hydrolysis reactions and off-gassing from construction and consumer products and that ambient formaldehyde is generally higher in summer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".