The Coracohumeral Interval in Patients With Subscapularis Tendon Tears
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between the CHI and both healing of the SSC as assessed by MRI as well as clinical outcome following SSC reconstruction. The association between the coracohumeral interval (CHI) and the incidence of subscapularis tendon (SSC) tears is well established. Coracoplasty at the time of SSC repair has been advocated to diminish subcoracoidal impingement and thereby improve SSC healing. 53 shoulder joints in 53 patients with a mean age of 61.8 ± 9.8 years were followed for a minimum 24 months (range, 24 to 36). There were 19 isolated and 34 combined subscapularis lesions. According to Fox and Romeo, there were 31 grade 2, 18 grade 3, and 4 grade 4 lesions. All patients underwent arthroscopic reconstruction and coracoplasty of the subscapularis tendon as part of their surgical treatment. The CHI was measured as the minimal distance between the tip of the coracoid process and the humeral head on transverse slices. MR healing of the SSC was graded according to Sugaya. Clinical outcome was assessed by the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) Index. The mean CHI increased from 8.9 ± 2.7 mm preoperatively to 9.9 ± 2.7 mm postoperatively (p<0.001). Significant differences were found between mean postoperative CHI values stratified according to the Sugaya classification (ANOVA, p=0.017). No correlation was found between the WORC Index and postoperative CHI. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the SSC and coracoplasty leads to a significant increase in CHI. High CHI values were associated with improved MRI healing of the SSC. While a narrow CHI has been shown to promote SSC tearing, the results of the present study indicate that a wide CHI may promote SSC healing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".