Respiratory profile of 64 patients with common variable immunodeficiency: A descriptive study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<b>Background:</b> Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by recurrent infections. Non-infectious lung complications may occur which significantly increase the morbidity and the mortality. While current guidelines recommend annual spirometry and chest CT-Scan at diagnosis, little is known about the predictive factors and the optimal management. <b>Objectives:</b> Our aim is to evaluate the respiratory profile of CVID patients in order to identify the most frequent abnormalities. Moreover, we attended to define specific predictive factors for lung diseases. <b>Method:</b> We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of adult patients with CVID followed at our hospital. <b>Results:</b> We collected the data of 64 patients. Median age was 51 years old at enrollment. Comorbidities found were: Upper respiratory tract involvements (52 %), asthma (22 %) and COPD (9 %). Thirty-eight (59 %) patients were asymptomatic and 53 % never smoked. Sixty-three (98 %) patients were actively treated with immunoglobulins and 38 % with prophylactic antibiotics. Despite a normalized mean level of IgG (10 g/L), 67 % used antibiotics for sinopulmonary infections in the last year. Fifty (78 %) patients had a chest CT-Scan. Mediastinal lymph nodes (24 %), bronchiectasis (22 %), micronodules (18 %), ground-glass opacities (16 %) and granulomas (12 %) were most frequently found. Fifty patients had pulmonary function tests. Diffusion abnormalities and obstructive patterns were documented in 42 % and 24 % respectively. Other complications included autoimmunity (45 %), enteropathy (20 %) and splenomegaly (20 %). <b>Conclusion:</b> Awareness and identification of CVID associated respiratory abnormalities may guide therapy and improve prognosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".