The Medicalization of Childbirth: A necessary system for safety or a lack of evidence-based practice?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There has been an alarming trend in Canadian hospitals to over-medicalize the process of childbirth. The attribution of pathology tochildbearing has led to an increased use of medical interventions that elevates healthcare costs and postoperative risk without improvingthe birthing experience for mothers and newborns. Nurses occupy an optimal position for addressing this problem because of the significantduration of contact they have with patients and their professional competency in non-pharmacological approaches. This is reflected in thepositive outcomes linked to the use of continual labour support, an intervention largely performed by nurses and midwives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.172 | 0.357 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.036 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.019 | 0.028 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Research integrity | 0.011 | 0.018 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".