ADDITION OF BAF AND DAF IN THUNDER BAY: A CASE STUDY OF THE IMPACTS ON THE SOLIDS STREAM
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ADDITION OF BAF AND DAF IN THUNDER BAY: A CASE STUDY OF THE IMPACTS ON THE SOLIDS STREAMThe Atlantic Avenue WPCP in Thunder Bay, Ontario serves a population of approximately 105,000. In 2005 biological aerated filters (BAF) were installed at the plant for BOD, TSS and ammonia removal from municipal wastewater. The plant uses a 14 cell two-stage BAF system, consisting of an eight-cell BOD removal train followed by a six-cell nitrifying train. Each BAF cell is regularly backwashed and...Author(s)Simon BakerTill FreihammerRay BileviciusMartin HeeremaCarl GoodwinSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 21: DewateringDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2007ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20070101)2007:3L.1151;1-DOI10.2175/193864707787975561Volume / Issue2007 / 3Content sourceResiduals and Biosolids ConferenceFirst / last page(s)1151 - 1166Copyright2007Word count371
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".