Re-exploring the icebergs of adult learning: Comparative findings of the 1998 and 2004 Canadian surveys of formal and informal learning practices
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper summarizes the findings of the 2004 Work and Lifelong Learning (WALL) survey of self-reported further education and intentional informal learning activities of Canadian adults (N=9,063) and compares them with the results of the 1998 New Approaches to Lifelong Learning (NALL) survey on the subject, as well as with other Canadian surveys of further education. Particular attention is given to informal learning since there have been no other extensive Canadian surveys to date. After distinguishing forms of adult learning, major findings on current participation in further education courses and intentional informal learning activities related to employment, housework, community volunteer work, and general interests are presented. Over 40% of adults are participating in further education annually, but vastly more (over 90%) are engaged in intentional informal learning activities regardless of prior schooling or current further education involvement. Participation in further education courses remains high until near retirement from employment, when it declines rapidly, but engagement in intentional informal learning remains high into old age. Considering Canadian adults’ very high levels of schooling and extensive continuing adult learning, there now may be significant underutilization of the learning capacities of the labour force. Résumé Cet article fait la synthèse des résultats du sondage mené par le réseau Work and Lifelong Learning (WALL) en 2004 sur le perfectionnement professionnel déclaré et les activités intentionnelles de formation informelle auprès de 9063 adultes canadiens et les compare avec les résultats de celui du projet NALL (New Approaches to Lifelong Learning, nouvelles approches en apprentissage tout au long de la vie), mené en 1998, et avec d’autres sondages menés au Canada sur le même sujet. L’article s’attarde à l’apprentissage informel, car il n’existe aucun autre sondage sur le sujet au Canada. Il fait d’abord état des différentes formes d’éducation des adultes, puis présente les dernières recherches sur la formation continue et sur l’apprentissage informel intentionnel lié à l’emploi, au travail domestique, au bénévolat et aux activités d’intérêt général. Plus de 40 p. 100 des adultes participent à des activités de formation continue tout au long de l’année, mais encore plus (soit plus de 90 p. 100) participent à des activités d’apprentissage non formel de façon intentionnelle, et ce sans considération du niveau de scolarité ou d’une implication dans un programme de formation continue. La participation à des activités de formation continue demeure élevée jusqu’à la retraite, puis décroît de façon drastique. Toutefois, la participation intentionnelle à des activités d’apprentissage informel se maintient même chez les personnes âgées. Considérant le niveau de scolarité élevé de la population adulte canadienne et le haut taux de participation dans des activités de formation continue, il y a peut-être une sous-utilisation significative des capacités d’apprentissage de la population active. Introduction
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it