Value‐Added Formate Production from Selective Methanol Oxidation as Anodic Reaction to Enhance Electrochemical Hydrogen Cogeneration
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Electrolytic overall water splitting is a promising approach to produce H 2 , but its efficiency is severely limited by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the low activity of current electrocatalysts. To solve these problems, in addition to the development of efficient precious‐metal catalysts, an effective strategy is proposed to replace the OER by the selective methanol oxidation reaction. Ni–Co hydroxide [Ni x Co 1− x (OH) 2 ] nanoarrays were obtained through a facile hydrothermal treatment as the bifunctional electrocatalysts for the co‐electrolysis of methanol/water to produce H 2 and value‐added formate simultaneously. The electrocatalyst could catalyze selective methanol oxidation (≈1.32 V) with a significantly lower energy consumption (≈0.2 V less) than OER. Importantly, methanol was transformed exclusively to value‐added formate with a high Faradaic efficiency (selectivity) close to 100 %. Specifically, a cell voltage of only approximately 1.5 V was required to generate a current density of 10 mA cm −2 . Furthermore, the Ni 0.33 Co 0.67 (OH) 2 /Ni foam nanoneedle arrays presented an outstanding stability for overall co‐electrolysis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it