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Record W2993411955

NAFTA Chapter 11 Meets Chicken Little

2001· article· en· W2993411955 on OpenAlex
Ian A. Laird

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueChicago journal of international law · 2001
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicInternational Arbitration and Investment Law
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsParliamentFree tradeLawPolitical scienceAppealDemocracyArgument (complex analysis)GlobalizationEconomicsPoliticsInternational trade
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The success of the anti-Multi-Lateral Agreement on Investment ("MAI") forces in the spring of 1998, and the events of Seattle in December 1999, have emboldened anti-free traders and arguably forced the debate to a level of hyperbole that has made Blair's appeal to reason timely. The success of anti-free trade activists has apparently spooked the Canadian government into defensive positions about their support for the promotion of international trade and investment. Canadian Trade Minister Pierre Pettigrew recently re-confirmed his "preoccupation" with Chapter 11 and the policy position that Canada will no longer include Chapter 11-like investment protection provisions in future trade agreements such as the Free Trade Area of the Americas ("FTAA"). This political shortsightedness is evidence of governments succumbing to a Seattle induced hysteria, rather than arguing the benefits of an open trade and investment rules-based system. The story of Chicken Little comes to mind because, like with all children s fables, it embodies real life lessons. Just as Chicken Little sought the answer to his baseless fear in authority, by searching for the King to attend to his problems, this paper is a brief attempt to appeal to some measure of reason. The issues that have generated the most smoke, if not real heat, concerning international investment provisions like NAFTA Chapter 11 are those of expropriation and the transparency of NAFTA tribunal proceedings. A key element of the Metalclad decision that Mexico is seeking to set aside in British Columbia is the expropriation provision in NAFTA Article 1110. The question this article will try to address: is the sky falling or should we just remember to look up when we walk under acorn trees?

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.970
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.002
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.236
Teacher spread0.219 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it