P2Y receptor modulation of XII inspiratory motor output in neonatal rat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite a focus on P2X receptors (Rs), new data have shown that inspiratory rhythm generating networks in the Pre‐Bötzinger complex are very sensitive to P2Y 1 R modulation. Here we used nerve and whole‐cell recording in rhythmic and non‐rhythmic medullary slices of neonatal rat to assess the effect of P2YR signaling on XII inspiratory activity and motoneuron (MN) properties respectively. Local application of UTP (1‐10 mM; agonist at P2Y 2,4,6,11–14 ) to the XII nucleus evoked tonic discharge in XII nerve and a small but significant increase (<20%) in burst amplitude. UTP (1 mM) also evoked slow inward currents (150±30pA, n=11) that reversed near E K+ , and increased input resistance by 15±5%. Local application of P2Y 1 R agonists 2MeSADP (1‐10mM) and MRS2365 (0.1‐1mM) to the XII nucleus also evoked tonic discharge but a 30–50% increase in burst amplitude. P2Y 1 R involvement was further supported by P2Y1R immunolabeling and slow onset, small amplitude 2MeSADP‐evoked (1‐10mM) inward currents (43±21 pA, n=6) that reversed near E K+ (3/6 MNs). Data indicate functional P2YRs on XII MNs. Despite UTP currents that were 4‐fold greater than P2Y 1 R currents, P2Y 1 R agonists appear to have had larger effects on XII inspiratory burst amplitude. P2Y 1 R may be preferentially distributed to inspiratory XII MNs. Funded: CIHR, AHFMR, CFI, MFN
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".