On the phonetics of schwa in Sliammon (M. Comox Salish): Implications for the representations of Salish vowels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The implications for the representations of Salish vowels, and full vowels (Vs) in the language, in stressed and unstressed position were investigated. The study aimed to determine the distinction between the reduced variants of the full Vs in Sliammon. The Vs in unstressed position are typically called 'reduced', given the crosslinguistically common finding that Vs are shorter, quieter, and more central in quality in unstressed than in stressed position. The language studied include M. Comox (Homalco/Klahoose/Sliammon) Salishan languages, and is spoken in the region of Malapina Penninsula. The study indicates a functional limitation on V reduction, that it is blocked if the language has a very small V inventory. The results are presented as an acoustic study of Schwa in Mainland Comox, which further supports previous crosslinguistic findings that Vs are shorter and quieter when reduced, showing that V reduction does not always involve neutralization of quality contrast.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".