A 2.12-V $V_{pp}~11.67$ -pJ/pulse Fully Integrated UWB Pulse Generator in 65-nm CMOS Technology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a high-voltage ultra-wideband (UWB) pulse generator. Shifting the UWB signal synthesis to digital domain using two consecutive trapezoidal waves, the design requires only a simple low-loss passive filter to conform to UWB spectrum regulations. A power amplifier stage is added to boost the output voltage above the supply voltage limit. To verify the design concept, the generator is designed in TSMC CMOS 65 nm technology with 1 V supply voltage occupying a die size of 0.34 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The UWB generator achieves an efficiency of 21% while the total energy consumption is 11.67 pJ/pulse. On-chip measurement is in good agreement with the simulation and shows output peak-to-peak amplitude of 2.12 V after adding the cable and probe losses to the measured 1.62 V peak-to-peak voltage. The proposed UWB signal generator achieves the highest peak-to-peak to supply voltage ratio among the UWB signal generators reported to the date.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".