A simulated distribution of Siberian river runoff in the Arctic Ocean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Continental runoff is one of the major sources of the Arctic freshwater budget. As is generally known, it influences water column stratification and maintains Arctic halocline, which isolates the sea ice and the cold, fresh upper layer from the warmer, saltier Atlantic waters of the Arctic Ocean. An increase in river runoff was observed in recent years. It is suggested that this will have an impact on Arctic water mass transformations. However, few details are known regarding river freshwater export to the Central Arctic Basin. It is assumed that river water pathways in vast shelf seas and deep basins are closely related to atmospheric variability. In this study, we use three-dimensional coupled regional ocean-ice model simulations forced by atmospheric reanalysis data to investigate the change in Siberian rivers freshwater pathways in the Arctic Ocean due to the variability of atmospheric dynamics. A numerical experiment with an increasing runoff of the largest Siberian rivers is carried out. The consequences of adding freshwater to particular regions of the Arctic Ocean are analysed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".