Quantifying the importance of marine-derived nutrients atlantic coast streams using stable isotopes : prospects and challenges.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ecologists have long recognized the importance of essential elements, particularly nitrogen, delivered by anadromous fishes to nutrient poor streams of the Pacific coast. On the Atlantic coast, this process is less widespread but still potentially important. Due to distinct gradients in stable isotope signatures between freshwater and the sea, stable isotope analysis (SIA) offers a mechanism of identifying areas that receive large influxes of marine nutrients in the form of excreta, eggs, carcasses, and young-of-the-year fishes, and the possibility of quantifying such fluxes. However, there are a variety of limitations in using this approach that must be considered. The purpose of this talk will be to describe some of these limitations using original data from three river systems on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. We present interactions between anadromous fishes (Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis) and freshwater consumer groups (the sculpins Cottus cognatus and C. gobio, and several benthic invertebrate species). Interpretation of isotope patterns can be confounded by variable baseline signatures, reproductive status of consumers, and spawner densities. The successful use of SIA in determining the importance of marine-nutrients to Atlantic coast streams requires awareness of natural and man-made patterns of isotope ratios, as well as life history characteristics of stream-dwelling organisms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".