Core-2 <i>O</i> -glycans are required for galectin-3 interaction with the osteoarthritis related protein lubricin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Synovial fluid lubricin (proteoglycan 4) is a mucin-type O -linked glycosylated (60% of the mass) biological lubricant involved in osteoarthritis (OA) development. Lubricin has been reported to be cross-linked by synovial galectin-3 on the lubricating articular surface. Here, we confirm that binding to galectin-3 depended on core-2 O -linked glycans, where surface plasmon resonance of a recombinant lubricin (rhPRG4) devoid of core-2 structures lacked binding capacity to recombinant galectin-3. Both galectin-3 levels and interactions with synovial lubricin were found to be decreased in late-stage OA patients coinciding with an increase of truncated and less sialylated core 1 O-glycans. These data suggest a defect cross-linking of surface active molecules in OA and provides novel insights into OA molecular pathology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".