Observational and modelling evidence of a zonal circulation over the North Pacific
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The equatorial Pacific Walker Circulation (EPWC), characterized by ascending motion (lower sea‐level pressure [SLP]) over Indonesia and descending motion (higher SLP) over the Eastern Pacific, has been widely recognized. Yet, little is known about a zonal circulation over the North Pacific (hereafter referred to as NPZC) with ascent over the west coast of Canada and descent over the east coast of Russia, which plays an important role in maintaining Northern Hemisphere mid‐latitude climate. Here we provide evidence for the existence of the NPZC by comparing the eastern and western North Pacific around 50°N with the western and eastern equatorial Pacific, respectively. We find that the EPWC and NPZC bear strong similarity in many essential aspects, such as the zonal gradients of temperature and SLP, precipitation records and prevailing winds, and so on, thus, suggesting a NPZC. The existence of a NPZC is also strongly supported by observations in situ using radiosonde balloon soundings as well as numerical simulations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".