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Record W2998067970 · doi:10.1007/978-94-6265-347-4_3

The NPT—CTBT Connection

2020· book-chapter· en· W2998067970 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueT.M.C. Asser Press eBooks · 2020
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicNuclear and radioactivity studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersUniversity of Manitoba
KeywordsDisarmamentTreatyArms controlPolitical scienceNuclear weaponNegotiationLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The 2020 Review Conference on the Treaty on the Nuclear Non-Proliferation of Weapons (NPT) will mark a benchmark 50th anniversary of the entry into force of the Treaty, which is considered the cornerstone of non-proliferation. A Preparatory Committee for the Review Conferences, which are held every five years, normally holds a two-week session in each of the three years leading up to the review conference. Three such ‘PrepComs’ convened in Vienna in 2017, in Geneva in 2018 and in New York in 2019. All indications point to a contentious review in 2020. Over the years of nine Review Conferences, States Parties have probably spent more time discussing Article VI of the Treaty than any other. It causes the most aggravation because it calls for pursuing negotiations towards disarmament, and a treaty on general and complete disarmament, which some see as tangible and others see as an elusive goal. Over the years, most States Parties have believed that the first step in that direction is the entry into force of a Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). States Parties decided in 1995 to extend the NPT indefinitely, with the understanding that a CTBT, a Middle East Zone free of Weapons of Mass Destruction, and other conditions would be met. In keeping with these demands, and after generations of calls for a comprehensive nuclear test ban, negotiations at the Conference on Disarmament led to the signing of the CTBT at the United Nations in September 1996. Twenty-three years later there is a global norm against nuclear test explosions, the verification regime is more than 90% complete, and large-scale on-site inspection exercises in Kazakhstan and Jordan have demonstrated that those provisions in the treaty are effective. However, eight of the 44 countries specified in the CTBT that must ratify for it to enter into force have yet to do so. How to square this circle remains problematic.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.553
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.027
GPT teacher head0.207
Teacher spread0.180 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it