Desensitisasi Sistematis dengan Relaksasi Zikir untuk Mengurangi Gejala Kecemasan pada Kasus Gangguan Fobia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phobia is anxiety disorders in the form of excessive and irrational fear to certain objects or situations. Phobia symptoms can interfere with daily activities, such as muscle tension, trembling, cold sweat, dizziness, nausea, panic, and various other discomforts. This study aimed to look at the effect of systematic desensitization therapy combined with dhikr relaxation to reduce anxiety levels in people with phobias. The method used in this research was an experiment with pretest and posttest one group design. Data obtained by phobia anxiety scale Severity Measure for Specific Phobia-Adult, observation during therapy process, interviews, and measurement of Subjective Units of Discomfort Scale (SUDS). Subjects consisted of two people, soursop phobia and needle phobia. The results showed that systematic desensitization therapy with dhikr relaxation can reduce physical and psychological anxiety symptoms, so that the subject's phobia level is reduced, from severe phobia to moderate phobia and mild phobia. Keywords: systematic desensitization, dhikr, phobia, anxiety, relaxation Daftar Pustaka American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition. England: American Psychiatric Publishing. Arikunto, S. (2010). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Atrup, A., & Fatmawati, D. (2018). Hipnoterapi Teknik Regression Therapy Untuk Menangani Penderita Glossophobia Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Pinus, 3(2), 138–149. Azmarina, R. (2015). Desensitisasi Sistematik Dengan Zikir Tasbih Untuk Menurunkan Simtom Kecemasan Pada Gangguan Fobia Spesifik. Humanitas, 12(2), 90–104. https://doi.org/10.26555/humanitas.v12i2.3836 Bukhori, B. (2008). Zikir Al-Asma’al-Husna Solusi atas Problem Agresivitas Remaja. Semarang: Rasail Media. Craske, M., Wittchen, U., Bogels, S., Stein, M., Andrews, G., & Lebeu, R. (2013). Severity Measure for Specific Phobia-Adult. Retrieved from American Psychiatric Association website: https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/educational-resources/assessment-measures Creswell, J. W. (2010). Research Design: Pendekatan Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Mixed. Yogjakarta: PT Pustaka Pelajar. Firosad, A. M., Nirwana, H., & Syahniar, S. (2016). Teknik Desensitisasi Sistematik untuk Mengurangi Fobia Mahasiswa. Konselor, 5(2), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.24036/02016526546-0-00 Hawari, D. (2010). Al-Qur’an Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa dan Kesehatan Jiwa. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. Hendriyani, R., & Ahadiyah, A. (2012). Faktor-Faktor yang Menyebabkan Pediophobia (Studi Kasus pada Penderita Pediophobia). 4(2), 1–6. Herdiansyah, M., & Sumampouw, N. J. (2018). Systematic Desensitization for Treating Specific Phobia of Earthworms: An In Vivo Exposure Study. 135(Iciap 2017), 340–349. https://doi.org/10.2991/iciap-17.2018.33 Karfe, B., & Atim, A. (2018). Effects of Systematic Desensitization and Study Skills Counselling Therapies on Test-Anxiety in Physics among Senior Secondary School Students in Jalingo, Taraba State. 18(5). Komalasari, G., Wahyuni, E., & Karsih. (2011). Teori dan Teknik Konseling. Jakarta: Indeks. Martin, G., & Pear, J. J. (2015). Behavior Modification: What It Is And How To Do It. Canada: Psychology Press. Maslim, R. (2013). Buku Saku Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa Rujukan Ringkasan dari PPDGJ-III dan DSM-5. Jakarta: Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa FK-Unika Atmajaya. Nanik, & Gunawinata, V. A. R. (2011). Terapi Perilaku Untuk Fobia Lift. Jurnal Psikologi, 5(2), 215–224. Nelson, J. R. (2011). Teori dan Praktik Konseling dan Terapi Edisi Keempat. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., & Greene, B. (2005). Psikologi Abnormal Jilid 1. Jakarta: Erlangga. Palmer, S. (2010). Konseling dan Psikoterapi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Paloș, R., & Vîșcu, L. (2014). Anxiety, Automatic Negative Thoughts, and Unconditional Self-Acceptance in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Preliminary Study. ISRN Rheumatology, 2014, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/317259 Patimah, I., Suryani, & Nuraeni, A. (2015). Pengaruh Relaksasi Zikir terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis yang Menjalani Hemodialisa. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v3i1.95 Saidah, K. (2016). Perkembangan Fisik dan Sosio-Emosi pada Siswa dengan Gejala Fobia Spesifik: Studi Kasus pada Siswa dengan Gejala Fobia Nasi. Ar-Risalah, 18(2), 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Suryani. (2013). Salat and Dhikr to Dispel Voices: The Experience of Indonesian Muslim with Chronic Mental Illness. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry. Retrieved from http://www.mjpsychiatry.org/index.php/mjp/article/view/225 Willis, S. (2004). Konseling Individual: Teori dan Praktek. Bandung: Alfabeta.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".