Undrained capacity of circular foundations under combined horizontal and torsional loads
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Torsional loads can be significant on the shallow foundations of large onshore and offshore structures. However, the effect of torsional loads in isolation and in combination with other load directions has not been well studied. In this paper, a failure envelope for combined horizontal (H) and torsional load (T) for circular surface foundations on soils under undrained conditions has been derived using the upper-bound plasticity method. In addition, this solution is compared with finite-element model results and theoretical solutions for the uniaxial capacity for H and T. The H–T failure envelope obtained from a conventional design standard method (i.e. DNVGL-ST-0126) is also compared with the upper-bound solution. The upper-bound solution is in excellent agreement with the finite-element results, and the codified H–T failure envelope appears to be conservative compared with the other methods. This approach can help validate finite-element results and aid the assessment of the ultimate capacity of shallow circular foundations under combined horizontal and torsional loading.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it