Measurement of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>sin</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>θ</mml:mi><mml:mtext mathvariant="bold">eff</mml:mtext><mml:mtext mathvariant="bold">lept</mml:mtext></mml:msubsup></mml:math>using<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math>pairs from<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo stretchy="false">/</mml:mo><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:math>bosons produced in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math>collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV
Bibliographic record
Abstract
At the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton ($p\overline{p}$) collider, Drell-Yan lepton pairs are produced in the process $p\overline{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}+X$ through an intermediate ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{*}/Z$ boson. The forward-backward asymmetry in the polar-angle distribution of the ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ as a function of the ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$-pair mass is used to obtain ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\text{eff}}^{\text{lept}}$, the effective leptonic determination of the electroweak-mixing parameter ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}$. The measurement sample, recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF), corresponds to $9.4\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity from $p\overline{p}$ collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV, and is the full CDF Run II data set. The value of ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\text{eff}}^{\text{lept}}$ is found to be $0.23248\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00053$. The combination with the previous CDF measurement based on ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ pairs yields ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\text{eff}}^{\text{lept}}=0.23221\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00046$. This result, when interpreted within the specified context of the standard model assuming ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}=1\ensuremath{-}{M}_{W}^{2}/{M}_{Z}^{2}$ and that the $W$- and $Z$-boson masses are on-shell, yields ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}=0.22400\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00045$, or equivalently a $W$-boson mass of $80.328\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.024\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.242 | 0.202 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".