Aquivion Ionomer in Mixed Alcohol–Water Solution: Insights from Multiscale Molecular Modeling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Short side-chain ionomers such as Aquivion are increasingly used in the fabrication of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Aquivion exhibits reduced gas crossover, enhanced glass transition temperature, better mechanical stability, and higher conductivity in comparison to Nafion, their long side chain relative. We performed atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of Aquivion at varying water contents and proportion of isopropanol mixed into the solvent and examined the structure and dynamics of the system. Atomistic simulations are followed by coarse-grained simulations to develop a coarse-grained model applicable to both long and short side chain ionomers. The density of Aquivion and Nafion membranes from simulations is calculated and compared with that from the experiment. The Aquivion system shows higher diffusion coefficients for water molecules and hydronium ions than the Nafion system. The water network morphology is analyzed as a function of water content.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".