Integration of Traveling Wave Optical Device Models Into an MNA-Based Circuit Simulator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents a method for integrating traveling wave models (TWMs) into an optical circuit simulator based on modified nodal analysis (MNA) techniques previously developed for electrical circuit simulation. TWMs of optical propagation through waveguides provide flexible distributed descriptions of optical devices from simple waveguides to lasers. The model is, however, by definition an explicit time marching method and does not fit naturally into an MNA formulation. This article will show a method of integrating the TWM into a fully implicit multidomain (electrical/optical) circuit simulator based on MNA techniques. It will first describe the TWM for simple optical propagation and then its extension for optical gratings, amplifiers, and lasers. The integration of the TWM model into the MNA-based engine will then be specified, showing how the model is implemented using nonlinear optical sources. Finally, a set of examples, including waveguides, filters, and electro-optic devices will be used to show the effectiveness of the technique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".