Finite element method for the static behavior of tapered poles made of glass fiber reinforced polymer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work addresses the application of the Finite Element Method (FEM) in order to investigate the static behavior of tapered poles made of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP). The theoretical model developed using the FEM was verified through comparison with an experimental procedure. More specifically, two poles made of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) were loaded as cantilever beams to failure at the Steel Structures Laboratory of the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA). The experimental poles were constructed using the filament winding method. The experimental results included load-deflection data at the point of loading as well as strain distribution near the fixed support. The results from the FEM closely matched the experimental results for deflection as well as for the ultimate load of the specimens. On the basis of these findings, the authors concluded that it is possible to use the FEM with confidence in the analysis and design of GFRP structures, such as utility line poles and wind turbine towers, without the high cost associated with experimentation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".