Advancing patient age is associated with worse outcomes in low‐ and intermediate‐grade primary chondrosarcoma of the pelvis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Conventional primary pelvic chondrosarcoma often presents as a low- or intermediate-grade tumor in older patients. Although this is the most common variant of pelvic chondrosarcoma, studies examining treatment outcomes are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients with these tumors to determine their outcomes of treatment. METHODS: Seventy-three patients (grade I [n = 19, 26%] and grade II [n = 54, 74%]) were reviewed including 55 (75%) males and 18 (25%) females, with a mean age of 51 (range, 17-81) years and follow-up of 9 ± 5 years. RESULTS: The 10-year disease-specific survival was 71%. Grade II disease (hazard ratio [HR], 6.74; P = .04) and age ≥50 years (HR, 3.97; P = .02) was associated with death due to disease. The 10-year local recurrence- and metastatic-free survival were 79% and 72%. Of the patients with a local recurrence (n = 11), 7 (64%) recurred at a higher histological grade. Patient age ≥50 years was associated with local recurrence (HR, 10.03; P = .02) and metastatic disease (HR, 4.20; P = .02). CONCLUSION: Advancing patient age was an independent risk factor for worse survival and disease recurrence. Tumors often recurred locally at a higher grade and as such wide local excision remains the treatment of choice for these tumors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".