Knowledge and Coping Strategies Among Patients Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to investigate level of knowledge and employed coping strategies, and to examine the relationship between knowledge and coping strategies among persons diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Cross sectional descriptive design was used. A convenience sample of 222 adult patients with diabetes was recruited. Diabetes knowledge test (DKT) and the Diabetes Coping Measure (DCM) were used. The overall knowledge test score was low. Participants achieved higher scores in tackling spirit and diabetes integration coping while avoidance coping strategies had the lowest scores. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and tackling spirit coping and diabetes integration, and a significant negative correlation between knowledge and passive resignation coping. Knowledge among patients with type 2 diabetes was poor. Several areas of knowledge deficits were identified. Efforts to improve knowledge of persons with diabetes need to be continued along with an emphasis on their coping strategies used which require assessment and understanding by health care providers in clinical settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".