Bibliographic record
Abstract
Action strategies deployed in the struggle against austerity and neoliberal policies provide lessons for how strategies might be developed in Australia.This, the second of three austerity briefings, raises wider and longer-term issues about the way in which trade unions, community and civil society organisations and social movements mobilise and organise, widen support and build stronger alliances. Although the financial crisis was caused by banks and market failure, action was targeted against government and troika-imposed public spending and wage/pension cuts, job losses and privatisation. Despite the worst economic crisis for 60 years, Labour and Democratic parties failed to deliver significant alternative policies or legislative change. The attack on public sector unions, workers' rights and legislation to reduce the ability to take industrial, civil and community action, ran parallel with public sector cuts and privatisation. Traditional industrial action, such as one-day strikes and large national demonstrations had an important role in strengthening solidarity and gaining support, but did not significantly change austerity policies. Cuts campaigns had an important role in challenging the composition and distributional impact of austerity policies, but rarely reduced the scope or scale of public spending cuts. A series of large public demonstrations at the Iceland Parliament, culminated in the resignation of the government and two referenda voting against taxpayers funding repayment of bank debt. The Quebec student strike stopped tuition fee increases, UK hospital campaigns stopped closures, many foreclosures and evictions were halted in Spain and US -all had active engagement of trade unions, community and social movements and drew wide public support. Democratic assemblies genuinely involved participants in discussion and decision-making in Spain's 15M and the Occupy Wall Street movements. UK trade unions have not developed adequate strategies to challenge the acceleration of neoliberal transformation of public services through outsourcing, private finance and privatisation. New national and local organisations and alliances created to resist foreclosures and evictions used imaginative direct action tactics, particularly in Spain and US. Trade unions are the strongest working class membership and resourced organisations.There are different types of membership organisations, such as student unions, worker centres and community organisations, plus involvement or affiliation to social movements.They must forge and sustain stronger alliances and coalitions. The process of learning lessons and developing future strategies needs to take account of the shifts in power, which the financial crisis and austerity measures have brought about. Divisions between pro-and anti-outsourcing strategies in the UK voluntary sector, mirroring a similar division in US non-profits, stunt the sector's opposition to austerity policies. Transnational Free Trade Agreements are being negotiated that will continue austerity measures, embed neoliberal policies and increase corporate power. Austerity measures will continue for many more years; cuts to services, jobs and wages will not automatically be 'restored', and government's will seek to consolidate economic 'reforms' alongside the 'transformation' of public services and the welfare state. WISeR (2013)'Reforms' will not be reversed in economies or in the public sector.There are no plans to restore wages, pensions and public spending cuts other than proposals to restore 'growth', reduce unemployment and tackle loan sharks.Nor is there an indication that financialising, personalising, marketising and privatising public services and state assets will be reversed.In fact, these and other structural changes including radical reductions in public expenditure on services, further cuts in corporate taxation and 'reform' of labour markets are being further embedded.Private finance of services and public infrastructureOpposing Austerity WISeR (2013)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".