Wave effects in the microlensing of pulsars and FRBs by point masses
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A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Full frame distilled prediction
Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
- Candidate categories
- none
- Consensus categories
- none
- Domain
- Candidate signal: noneConsensus signal: none
- Study design
- Candidate signal: ObservationalConsensus signal: Observational
- Genre
- Candidate signal: EmpiricalConsensus signal: Empirical
- Teacher disagreement score
- 0.172
- Threshold uncertainty score
- 0.276
- Validation status
machine_predicted_unvalidated·codex-gemma-dda1882f352a
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
- Teacher spread
- 0.235 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
- Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline· verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it
Abstract
ABSTRACT Wave effects are often neglected in microlensing studies; however, for coherent point-like sources, such as pulsars and fast radio bursts (FRBs), wave effects will become important in their gravitational lensing. In this paper, we describe the wave-optics formalism, its various limits, and the conditions for which these limits hold. Using the simple point lens as an example, we show that the frequency dependence of wave effects breaks degeneracies that are present in the usual geometric optics limit, and constructive interference results in larger magnifications further from the lens. This latter fact leads to a generic increase in cross-section for microlensing events in the wave-optics regime compared to the geometric optics regime. For realistic per cent-level spectral sensitivities, this leads to a relative boost in lensing cross-section of more than an order of magnitude. We apply the point-lens model to the lensing of FRBs and pulsars and find that these radio sources will be lensed in the full wave-optics regime by isolated masses in the range of $0.1\!-\!100\,{\rm M}_\oplus$, which includes free-floating planets (FFPs), whose Einstein radius is smaller than the Fresnel scale. More generally, the interference pattern allows an instantaneous determination of lens masses, unlike traditional microlensing techniques that only yield a mass inference from the event time-scale.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
The record
- Venue
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Topic
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Field
- Physics and Astronomy
- Canadian institutions
- Canadian Institute for Advanced ResearchCanadian Institute for Theoretical AstrophysicsPerimeter InstituteHerzberg Institute of AstrophysicsUniversity of Toronto
- Funders
- Ontario Ministry of Economic Development, Job Creation and TradeNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaCanadian Institute for Advanced ResearchAlexander von Humboldt-StiftungSimons Foundation
- Keywords
- Gravitational microlensingPhysicsPulsarEinstein radiusGravitational lensGeometrical opticsLens (geology)LIGOAstrophysicsGravitational waveOpticsStarsGalaxyRedshift
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes