Reforms at Risk: Die Energietransformation im kanadischen Bundesstaat an der Wegscheide / Reforms at Risk: Energy Policy Transformation in Canada at the Crossroads
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Leseprobe ----- Zusammenfassung Ansatze fur eine energiepolitische Transformation im kanadischen Bundesstaat im Zeichen klimapolitischer Herausforderungen lassen sich bis in die 1980er Jahre zuruckverfolgen. Hatte sich der Wandel zunachst eher inkrementell vollzogen, war der Transformationsprozess seit 2006 auf der Bundesebene durch zwei relativ abrupte Strategiewechsel gekennzeichnet. Im selben Zeitraum traten zudem die Provinzen mit unterschiedlichen Masnahmen verstarkt in Erscheinung, und zwar sowohl individuell als auch durch koordinierte Aktivitaten. Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass die spezifischen Bedingungen der kanadischen politischen Okonomie in Verbindung mit institutionellen Faktoren (Westminster-Demokratie und dualer Foderalismus) den Transformationsprozess sowohl begunstigen als auch hemmen. Einerseits ermoglichen sie Policy-Innovationen auf beiden Systemebenen, andererseits erschweren sie jedoch die langfristige Konsolidierung von Wandel in der Energiepolitik, die seit jeher ein vergleichsweise konfliktintensives Politikfeld in Kanada darstellt. Schlagworte: Bundesstaat, Energiepolitik, Kanada, Politische Steuerung, Transformation ----- Reforms at Risk: Energy Policy Transformation in Canada at the Crossroads Abstract Early efforts to transform Canadian energy policy in light of emerging concerns over climate change can be traced back to the 1980s. While policy changes to unfold incrementally, the pattern has changed since 2006. On the federal level, Canadian energypolicy underwent two rather abrupt changes. At the same time, provinces have become more engaged as well, both unilaterally and through coordinated efforts. The article argues that interaction of economic and institutional factors have both facilitated and hampered the politics of energy transformation in Canada. They have encouraged policy innovation on both levels of government, while at the same time they complicate the consolidation of policy change over time. Keywords: Canada, energy policy, federalism, governance, transformation ----- Bibliographie: Broschek, J. (2019). Reforms at Risk: Die Energietransformation im kanadischen Bundesstaat an der Wegscheide. dms – der moderne staat – Zeitschrift fur Public Policy, Recht und Management, 12(2-2019), 313-328. https://doi.org/10.3224/dms.v12i2.08
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".