Cultivation Strategies of <i>Clostridium autoethanogenum</i> on Xylose and Carbon Monoxide Combination
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clostridium autoethanogenum is capable of converting C1 carbon sources such as CO and CO2, as well as C5 carbon sources such as xylose, into various products, rendering it suitable for syngas conversion. However, pure gas fermentations generally have low volumetric productivity caused by low cell mass concentrations, resulting from low specific growth rates and low gas–liquid mass transfer. The strong dependency on gas–liquid mass transfer causes data generated in serum bottles to often deviate from experiments in stirred tank reactors. This study therefore characterizes growth and product formation in both the serum bottle and stirred tank reactor, while investigating a sequential and simultaneous feeding of xylose and gaseous carbon substrates. The ratio of the product was shown to be independent of the initial xylose concentration in serum bottles, while in stirred tank reactor experiments the product ratio changed under xylose-limited conditions. The product ethanol caused inhibiting effects which could be quantified in a kinetic model. The comparison of feeding strategies showed clearly that a fed-batch process with simultaneous xylose and CO feeding led to higher CO conversion when compared to CO conversion in a sequential cultivation strategy. Carbon can be directed toward acetate formation via fed-batch fermentation under C-limited conditions. Moreover, the combined feed of xylose and CO is an advantageous method to significantly enhance gas conversion in comparison to sequential feeding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".